The U.S. has implemented stricter export controls targeting semiconductors, quantum computing, and artificial intelligence. The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) introduced new controls under the Interim Final Rule (IFR) in September, requiring special licenses for technologies like Gate All-Around Field-Effect Transistors (GAAFET) and specific quantum technologies. Foreign nationals from “Group D:1” and “Group D:5” countries (those with security concerns) now need specialized authorization to work on these technologies. The IFR also mandates annual reporting for companies with foreign personnel working on sensitive projects, allowing the BIS to trace movements within the workforce, especially if they exit the U.S. technology ecosystem for countries with heightened export restrictions such as China or Russia.

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